Indexing

Abstract: The existence of heavy metals, PAHs and TPH in Artisanal refinery impacted water creates significant risks to human health and the ecosystem. In this study the concentration of heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, and V), TPH and PAHs in interstitial water from K-Dere artisanal refining site and Nwinua mangrove forest Kono (control site), in Ogoniland Rivers State were evaluated. Determination of PAHs and TPH in interstitial water was analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC)-FID (USEPA 8015-GC/FID), heavy metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS; SensAA GBC Scientific) in accordance with ASTM (1999) and US EPA (2019) analytical methods. The results showed that total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration (TPH) in interstitial water at K/Dere peaked at 5633mg/l against 66.00mg/lat the Control site. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between (P>0.05) during the entire period of study. The lowest mean concentration (1341.08± 664.87mg/l) was recorded in April, 2019 and peaked in May, 2019 (1515.29 + 803.77mg/l). PAHs analysis showed that PAHs were below detectable limit during the entire period of this study. The comparison of levels of heavy metals in water samples from K-Dere and Kono gave the following results Fe (0.01-35.34mg/l), Pb (BDL-5.30mg/l), Cr (0.02-0.78), Zn (BDL-0.80mg/l), Cd (BDL-0.30mg/l) Ni (0.01-0.65mg/l). Results for all parameters analysed were above DPR compliance limits indicating that artisanal refining operations have increased the natural background concentrations of metals at K-Dere. Based on these findings, relevant governmental and regulatory bodies in the region should collaborate with local instruments to enforce bans on activities of these Illegal artisans and introduce appropriate strategies, programmes in place to integrate them into responsible means of livelihood.

Keywords: Interstitial water, Artisanal refinery, heavy metals, PAHs and TPHs.

Title: Impact of Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals on Coastal Interstitial Water Quality from an Artisanal Refining Site, K-Dere Ogoni, Nigeria

Author: Sibe, L., Onwugbuta, G. C., Ajuru, G.

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 9, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 33-41

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 20-March-2023

Abstract: The lateral resolution of the central peak is improved by the highest degree of the amplitude apodization parameter β. The presence of first minima with zero intensity necessary for Rayleigh criterion can be used to study two-point resolution. The point spread function of the optical system in the presence of defocus and primary, secondary and tertiary spherical aberration with Hanning and Connes amplitude filter is studied. A noted increase in the profile of the point spread function has been achieved. Employment of the Hanning and Connes amplitude pupil function under the higher degree of spherical aberration and defocusing effect helps the optical systems increases the resolution.

Keywords: PSF- point spread function, amplitude apodisation, primary, secondary and tertiary spherical aberration, defocus, two-zone aperture, Hanning function, Connes function, super-resolution.

Title: Studies of PSF Intensities of Two Zone Apertures in Spherical Aberration

Author: Dr. S. Radhika, Dr. T. Kiran Kumar

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 9, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 28-32

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 10-January-2023

Abstract: The soils of six locations (Rumuokoro, Eastern by-pass, Oyigbo, Bundu, Yenagoa and Bonny) indiscrimately used for disposal of wastes were evaluated for suitability classification using some physico-chemical and geo-morphological properties of the soils. The soils showed remarkable physico-chemical variability between the locations and also within the soil horizons. Yenagoa, Bonny and Bundu sites were most limited for use in landfilling of wastes and are more prone to both surface and ground water pollution due to their porosity, infiltration rate, pH, flooding, drainage and textural limitations. Rumuokoro site which was most suitable for landfilling of wastes was limited by pH, while Eastern by-pass site was limited by both the texture and porosity. This assessment shows that, no location possessed all the characteristics of waste landfilling. However, when a comparative study of the suitability of soils for waste landfilling was rated, the locations showed variable suitability in the following order: Rumuokoro > Eastern Bypass > Oyigbo > Bundu > Bonny > Yenagoa.

Keywords: Suitability, Assessment, Waste, Disposal, Sites.

Title: SUITABILITY ASSESSMENT OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITES USING SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND GEO-MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS

Author: ONWUGBUTA, GODPOWER CHUKWUEMEKA, GODSON NNAMDI JOHN

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 9, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 22-27

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 29-December-2022

Abstract: The assessment of variations of the Curie isotherm of an area provides valuable information about the regional temperature distribution at depth and the concentration of subsurface geothermal energy. Aeromagnetic data was successfully used for determining the curie point depth, geothermal gradient and heat flow over the area. The study area lies within the Southern portion of the Lower Benue Trough and consists of sheet 303 (Abakaliki sheet) and sheet 314 (Ugep Sheet). The area is delineated by Latitudes 5^o 30' and 6^o 30' N and Longitudes 8^o 00' and 8^o 30' E. Graphs of the logarithms of amplitude (spectral energy) against frequency were plotted and the linear segments from the low frequency portion of the spectral drawn from the graphs. Results of the spectral analysis estimated the depth to centroid to range from 4272 m to 6111 m, while the depth to top boundary ranges from 612 m to 1002 m. Curie point depth shows that the curie isotherm based on the spectra analysis lies between the depth of 7.8 km to 11.3 km and an average of 9.9 km across study area. Geothermal gradient of the area ranges from 51.3 ^OC/km to 74.4 ^OC/km with an average value of 59.4 ^OC/km. The heat flow for the study area ranges between 128.3 and 186 mW/m² with an average of about 148.5 mW/m². The variation of heat flow within the earth is as a result of the lithological variations observed from one region to another within the earth crust. Therefore, the results of geothermal resources provide vital information on the sustainable power source over the study area.

Keywords: Geothermal, Spectral Analysis, Curie Point Depth, Heat Flow, Gradient.

Title: Investigation of Curie Point Depth, Geothermal Gradient and Heat Flow over parts of the Lower Benue Trough using Aeromagnetic Data

Author: Alasi, T. K., Nwobodo, A. N., Ikeri, H. I., Onyishi, G. E., Chibuowgu, I. U.

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 9, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 11-21

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 26-November-2022

Abstract: This study investigated the comparative remediation potentials of Pleurotus ostreatus and triton x-100 on some physico-chemical properties of crude oil impacted soil. Crude oil highly impacted soil excavated from an oil spill site at Okarki community in Ahoada West Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria was used. Remediation was induced using white rot fungus (Pleurotus ostreatus) and chemical surfactant (Triton x-100). Five experimental cells (20cm diameter x 20cm high polypropylene bags) labelled A-G, each containing 2kg of polluted soil was used and the different surfactants added in various concentrations as shown in the experimental design. After amendment/inoculation, each of the polypropylene bags was thoroughly mixed and tied with masking tape. All the bags were incubated at 28 ± 2^oC for 60 days. After the incubation period the soil samples were analyzed for various parameters. The pH value of polluted soil sample (Cell A) was high (6.87± 0.67) when compared with other cells that were amended. A significant reduction was observed in cells C and D (5.70 ± 0.00 and 6.06 ± 0.01) amended with 200g of Pleurotus ostreatus and 3ml of Triton x-100 respectively. After 60 days of incubation with the amendments used, there was an observed significant difference (p≤ 0.05) when all the cells are compared with cell A for total organic carbon content with an observed remarkable increase down the cells. Cells B, C, D, and E had high values of 3.25 ± 0.05,   3.50 ± 0.07,   3.78 ± 0.08 and 3.74 ± 0.09 respectively when compared with cell A (1.70 ± 0.01). The same trend was observed for the total nitrogen content where all the cells were significantly different (p≤ 0.05) when compared with cell A and were increased down the cells. For PO₄^3- (mg/kg) and NO^-₃ (mg/kg), all the cells were significantly different (p≤ 0.05) and there was a recognized decrease in their values when compared with the control sample (Cell A). Organic Sulphur value reduced exponentially in all the cells (0.12 ± 0.00) when compared with the control cell (A) (18.00 ± 0.00). There were significant and swift increase in the soil total heterotrophic bacteria count (THB) in cells B to E with the highest increase seen in cell D (CISS + 3ml Triton x-100) (12.0x10⁷) when compared with the control sample. Cells B to E had an increased THF count with cell B (CISS + 100g Pleurotus ostreatus) having the highest value when compared with the control cell.

Keywords: Pleurotus ostreatus, mycoremediation, triton x-100, soil, pollution.

Title: Comparative Ameliorative Potentials of Surfactants on some Physico-Chemical properties of Soil Impacted with Crude oil in Okarki Community of Ahoada West Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria

Author: Berezi, P. K., Nwauche, K.T., Berezi, E.P., Igbokwe, E.C.

International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS)

ISSN 2350-1030

Vol. 9, Issue 2, October 2022 - March 2023

Page No: 1-10

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 21-November-2022