Indexing

Abstract: Rubella, though a mild skin infection but show disastrous effects during pregnancy and causes damage to fetus. The disease is vaccine- preventable diseases can manifest with severe Teratogenic effects in fetus known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) due to primary maternal infection such as heart disorders, blindness, deafness or other life threatening organ disorders. During pregnancy, explore to disease can lead to disastrous results such as bad obstetric history (BOH), repeated pregnancy loss (RPL) or may cause deformities in fetuses whereas it also responsible for infertility and maternal mortality. In the study124 teenage girls and 176 women of different background were selected, out of them 3.23% girls and 11.36 % women were found susceptible and were at risk to have Rubella infection. In the study it was detected that immunity against Rubella was decreasing with increasing age, i.e. the vaccination in childbearing age should be included in schedule.

Abstract: The resistance to antimicrobial agents among Staphylococci is an increasing problem. The resistance to macrolide can be mediated by msr a gene coding for efflux mechanism or via erm gene encoding for enzymes that confer inducible or constitutive resistance to macrolide, lincosamide and Type B streptogramin. The present study was aimed to find out the percentage of Staphylococcus aureus having inducible clindamycin resistance (iMLS B) in our geographic area using D-test.

Abstract: Two potato varieties namely, Almera and Diamant   were induced to form micro tubers under two in vitro culture conditions (darkness and light). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium verified with varied concentrations of thiadizuron (TDZ), benzylaminopurine BAP and Sucrose were evaluated for micro tuber induction using node segment explant from the in vitro culture micro plant. Highest micro tubers number  (6.0±0.5 micro tuber/jar) obtained  by Almera on MS medium verified with sucrose 8% only  under dark, whereas higher micro tuber number obtained by Diamant cultivar is  (3.0±0.0 micro tuber/jar) on MS medium verified with sucrose 8% only  at dark too. In case of micro tuber weight, maximum tuber weight (1250.3±13.0 mg/tuber) obtained by Almera on MS medium supported with 60 g/l sucrose without hormone in dark. Higher micro tuber weight obtained by Diamant cultivar was (420.9±1.3) mg/tuber obtained on MS medium supported  with 60 g/l sucrose in dark, followed by (248.6±25.5) mg/tuber produced on MS medium verified with 60.0  g/l sucrose plus 5.0 mg/l TDZ under light, at 30g/l  sucrose no micro tuber observed. Highest micro tuber number is related to high sucrose concentration than the level of growth hormones in the medium. It was also observed that twenty four hour dark was best for tuber initiation.

Abstract:  A Study was conducted to investigate the genetic variability among 13 local banana cultivars using 3 SSR primers of Mb1-69, Mb1-113 and Mb1-134. All the primer pairs amplified a total of 29 different marker bands with an average of 9.6 bands per primer. Among the 29 bands only 4 bands were monomorphic and the rest 25 bands were polymorphic. The sizes of the amplified DNA bands in 13 local banana cultivars varied from 200 bp to 600 bp. The primer Mb1-113 amplified the highest (14) number of DNA bands and the primer Mb1-69 amplified the lowest (7) number of DNA bands whilst primer Mb1-134 amplified 8 DNA bands. The values of pair-wise genetic distances ranged from 1.00 to 9.00 indicating the presence of wide genetic diversity. The dendogram constructed based on phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed that the highest genetic diversity (9.00) found between the cultivars champa and jawayta and also the cultivars champa and jahazy whilst the lowest (1.00) between the cultivars doubled haploid and kathaly, doubled haploid and sorishafruity, doubled haploid and amritsagor and doubled haploid and ganasundory. The UPGMA dendogram has segregated the 13 local banana cultivars into two major clusters. Agnishwar and champa formed in cluster 1 and the rest of the cultivars like sobri jesore, sobri, anazy, kathaly, jawayta, sorishafruity, amritsagor, jahazy, bangle, ganasundory and doubled haploid have constituted the cluster 2.        

Abstract: Plant regeneration by somatic embryogenesis was attempted with triploid banana Musa cv. (Berangan "AAA"). Cell suspension culture initiated from in vitro proliferating meristems. Embryogenic calli with globular structures developed from three different media. Induction media contained: 2,4 –Dichlorophenxy acetic acid (2,4-D); Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole -3-acetic acid (IAA) for the triploid ;zeatin and kinetin were necessary for embryo maturity; 6-benzylamino purine (6-BA) and Inidol 3-acetic acid (IAA) were used for germination. Generally, auxin is not required for initiation of the embryo, but it is needed for the growth of callus prior to this stage if embryogenesis cannot be induced directly from the tissue of explants. Somatic embryos (embryoids) from entirely different origins have a striking similar sequence of embryo formation. However, the origin of a somatic embryo may be a single cell or even a protoplast, but it can also develop from multiple cells derived from the same origin. A yellow-green compact callus was initiated, which consisted of an actively dividing meristematic zone surrounded by several layers of starchy cells. A white and friable callus, characterized by the presence of proem bryonic cells, bicellular proem bryos and proem bryonal masses in its periphery gradually appeared which gave rise to somatic embryos from which plants were recovered.

Abstract: A study to evaluate the dry matter feed intake (DMI) and growth rate of local growing lambs supplemented different herbaceous forage legumes hay with teff straw (TS) ad libitum and sorghum crushed grain (SCG) based-diet was conducted at Sirinka Agricultural Research Center (SARC). The treatments were NCTR (TS + SCG 100 to 150 g/day head-1) and NCTR with supplementary (SUPP) protein sources VET (Vetch, Vicia dasycarpa), STY (Stylosanthes, Stylosanthes hamata), LAB (Lablab, Lablab purpureus), SIR (Siratro, Macroptilium atropurpureum), DES (Desmodium, Desmodium unicinatum), SES (Sesbania, Sesbania sesban), LUC (Leucaena, Leucaena pallida) hay and PCTR (Noug cake, Guizotia abyssinica). Average initial body weight (IBW) (23.11± 0.3 kg) and feed conversion rate (FCR) 4.81 were same for all treatment groups. Final body weight (FBW) and average daily body weight gain (ADG) were different (p<0.001) among treatment groups. Animals fed on NCTR plus LUC and LAB supplement had better FBW, ADG and dry matter supplement (SDMI) and total feed intakes (TDMI) than other treatment groups. Moreover, animals in supplemented treatment groups’ achieved a maximum ADG of 109.1 gm head-1 at 10th week of feeding period. The results indicated the possibility of increasing sheep production through supplementation of these forge legumes in areas while the production of these forage species are possible.  Therefore, supplementation of growing lambs with LUC and LAB hay plus NCTR until 10 weeks (70 days) would give optimum body weight gain.  

Abstract: Rapid synthesis of progesterone under the action of ACTH may be controlled by a similar mechanism as reported for LH in the ovary, thus causing increased synthesis and secretion of the progesterone and corticosteroids from the adrenal gland. ACTH is also known to cause depletion of adrenal ascorbate and cholesterol in the hypophysectomized rat which is shown to occur within Minutes of ACTH injection and to exhibit a characteristic time sequence. Peroxidase mediated conversion of pregnenolone to  progesterone stimulated in the presence of ascorbate in the rat and rabbit ovarian tissue had also been demonstrated.Since ascorbate is known to be a donor in peroxidase reaction, the possibility of peroxidase system being involved in the rapid depletion of ascorbate during the normal reproductive cycle .

Abstract:To fulfill our interest, we tried our best to observe the current status of squirrels in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh there are generally 8 species of squirrels which are different in size, color but same in food habit are found. From them, we observed that Pallas’s Squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus), Irrawady Squirrel (Callosciurus pygerythrus), Three Stripped Palm Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum) and Five stripped Palm Squirrel (Funambulus pennantii) are widely distributed. A large number of variations were observed during winter and summer as we preferred these 2 seasons for our field study.  All of them are frugivorous and sometimes feed on grass flowers too. Sometimes taking Insects as food fulfill the necessity of protein.

Abstract:The diversity of local flora and fauna at the Curzon Hall premises, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh was studied from April 2nd, 2014 to January 10th, 2015. A total of 98 species of flora and fauna were found during the study. The study was done to observe the condition of the biodiversity and also to conserve them.

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during 2011 small rainy season (Belg) at Elefeta Farmer Training Center (FTC), in west Badewacho Woreda, Hadiya Zone, with the objectives to determine the optimum proportion of maize-haricot bean intercropping for maximum productivity and economic benefit; evaluate the performance of different maize varieties intercropped with haricot bean; identify the optimum haricot bean population density of intercropped with different maize varieties; and  Estimate economic benefits of maize haricot bean intercropping. Three varieties of maize (PHB3253 Jabi, PHB30G19 Shone and Local) were planted intercropped with four haricot bean population densities (D1 = 62,500; D2 = 125,000; D3 = 187500; D4 = 250,000) arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. In this study, sole cropped maize’s varieties gave significantly (P<0.05) higher above ground biomass than intercropped maize’s varieties. The grain yield of sole cropped maize was also greater than that of intercropped by 16.4%. The yield advantage of intercropping of maize in association with haricot bean was higher by 56% in Jabi intercropped with 100% population density than that of sole cropping of the component crops. The total yield, partial land equivalent ratio (LER), and gross monetary value (GMV) were significantly (P<0.05) higher for intercropped maize’s varieties. The GMV of sole cropped maize was greater than that of intercropped maize by 16.4%. Monetary advantage was significantly different for each intercropped maize variety. It ranged from 2587.50 ETB ha -1 when local maize variety was intercropped with 25% population density to 11006.43 ETB ha -1 when Jabi maize variety was intercropped with 100% population density. In general maize intercropping with different population densities of haricot bean raised yield advantage of intercropping over the sole crop  as justified by the higher total LER and Monetary Advantage. Maize variety "Jabi" with 100 % haricot bean population density is recommended for intercropping for their better compatibility and economic benefit with haricot bean as compared to other varieties and population densities in the study area.

Abstract: The study was conducted at the two trial sites (Cheffa and Sirinka) of Sirinka Agricultural Research Center which represents the low and mid altitude agro ecologies of the eastern Amhara region to identify legume species that would have best compatibility with Napier grass and to examine the DM herbage yield of mixed cultures of legumes and Napier grass. Seven adaptable and recommended perennial herbaceous legume species (Desmodium unicinatum, Macrotyloma axillare, Clitoria ternatea, Macroptilium atropurpreum, Stylosanthes guianensis, Stylosanthes hamata and Medicago sativa) were intercropped with recommended Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Acc. No. 14984 for the areas were included in the study. With in the three years experimental periods a total of six and four harvests, with an average harvesting interval of 135 and 206.75 days were obtained at Cheffa and Sirinka trial site, respectively. The agronomic performances of legumes among intercropped treatments and during each harvesting stages, respectively were significantly (P<0.001) different at each trial site (Cheffa and Sirinka) and at Cheffa. Only the DM yield of intercropped legumes was significantly (P<0.01) different at each location. However, the DM leaf and total (leaf + stem) yield of Napier and both (Napier + Legume) yield difference among the intercropped treatments were significant (P<0.05) at Sirinka. Hence, among the intercropped treatments highest Napier DM leaf and total (leaf + stem) yield, legume and both (Napier and legume) of (7.85, 1.39 and 9.23 t/ha) at Cheffa and (8.61, 2.15 and 10.76 t/ha) at Sirinka, respectively were obtained from treatment in which Stylosanthes guianensis was intercropped with Napier grass. The average Napier DM leaf and total yields in sole and intercropped treatments were similar at each location.  As the result of climatic (RF and Maximum temperature) variations and better adaptation, the DM herbage yield responses of Napier within both sole and intercropped treatments and legumes in intercropped treatments were increases significantly (P<0.001) in advancement of harvesting stages. As the study result indicates, intercropping Napier grass with herbaceous legumes has significant advantage than growing Napier grass solely in increasing the DM yield harvested. Therefore, among the tested legumes and Napier grass combinations, intercropping Stylosanthes guianensis with Napier grass was found to be the best for its compatibility and higher Napier total (leaf + stem), legume and both (Legume + Napier) DM yields at each (Cheffa and Sirinka) trial site. Therefore, we recommend this combination for future use. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of legume intercropping on herbage quality and soil fertility improvement, and the economic advantage of legumes and Napier intercropping.  

Abstract: Determination of crop water requirement is the primary duty in any irrigation planning. This can be obtained through determining crop coefficient (Kc) which integrates the effect of characteristics that distinguish a typical field crop from the grass reference that has a constant appearance and a complete ground cover. Consequently, different crops will have different Kc coefficients. The changing characteristics of the crop over the growing season also affect the Kc coefficient. Hence crop coefficient (Kc), the ratio of potential crop evapotranspiration to reference evapotranspiration, is an important parameter in irrigation planning and management. However, this information is not available for many important crops for a specific area. A study was carried out at Melkassa Agricultural Research Center of Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, which is located in a semi arid climate of the great central rift valley. A drainage type lysimeters was used to measure the daily evapotranspiration of Onion, Red Bombay variety, on a clay loam soil. Crop coefficient was developed from measured crop evapotranspiration (3.00, 4.58, 6.11 and 4.63) and calculated reference evapotranspiration using weather data (4.92, 5.33, 5.99 and 5.79). The measured values of crop coefficient for the crop were 0.34, 0.70, 1.01 and 0.68 during initial, development, mid-season and late-season growth stages respectively. These locally determined values can be used by irrigation planners and users in the central rift valley and other areas with similar agroecological conditions.