Indexing

Abstract: This study investigated the heavy metals content of Orhoike-kokori soil to ascertain the environmental health. It was an ex-post facto research that answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis. To achieve these, the study area Orhoike-Kokori was mapped out into sampling grids (SG) and soil samples were collected from 5 spots in each sampling grid with soil sampling auger at the depth of 15cm. The samples were bulked, composite taken and wrapped with aluminium foil for analysis. The analytical standard adopted was USEPA 200.7 and the instrument of determination used for detecting the concentration of the metals was Agilent GFAAS modele 240z and 280z. The mean results obtained were as follow: Cd, 09±0.10mg/kg, Cu, 38.0±0.21 mg/kg, Pb, 87.8±0.11 mg/kg, Ni, 38.3±0.12 mg/kg and Cr, 108.4±0.13 mg/kg. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals investigated were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA using SPSS model 29 at 0.05 level of significance. The p-value was 0.48 thus rejecting H₀. The study concludes that Orhoike-Kokori soil is polluted above maximum permissible limits by the metals measured. It thus recommends that crop production should be suspended in Orhoike-kokori soil forthwith, the impacted environment should be remediated and the monitoring agencies NESREA and NOSDRA should increase their surveillance and enforcement obligations.

Keywords: oil exploitation, heavy metals, soil contamination crop production, bioaccumulation, health.

Title: OIL EXPLOITATION AND HEAVY METALS CONTENT IN ORHOIKE KOKORI SOIL DELTA NIGERIA

Author: Ogwu, C., Awowede, M., A. Onuelu J.E.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 25-31

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 07-August-2023

Abstract: In this paper, based on Jumarie type of Riemann-Liouville (R-L) fractional calculus and a new multiplication of fractional analytic functions, we study a fractional integral involving fractional trigonometric function. In fact, our result is a generalization of traditional calculus result.

Keywords: Jumarie type of R-L fractional calculus, new multiplication, fractional analytic functions, fractional integral, fractional trigonometric function.

Title: A Fractional Integral Involving Fractional Trigonometric Function

Author: Chii-Huei Yu

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 21-24

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 24-July-2023

Abstract: The use of Artificial Intelligence in medical diagnosis is becoming increasingly common and has been used widely in the diagnosis of cancers, tumors, diphtheria, hepatitis, lung diseases, etc. Diphtheria Disease is a chronic health problem with devastating, yet preventable consequences. Due to this shortage of specialists, there is a need for a Clinical Decision Support System that will diagnose and manage diphtheria disease. This work is therefore aimed at designing a web-based Clinical Decision Support System for the management of early diphtheria disease. Four pattern classification algorithms (K-nearest neighbor, Decision Tree, Decision Stump and Rule Induction) were adopted in this study and were evaluated to choose the most precise algorithm to be employed in the developed clinical decision support system. The evaluation was carried out on appropriate dataset that was obtained from Babcock University Teaching Hospital and the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. The following benchmarks were used in comparing the generated models: performance, accuracy level, precision, confusion matrices and the model’s building’s speed. From the model comparison, the study showed that Naïve Bayes outperformed all other classifiers with accuracy being 60.50%. k-nearest neighbour, Decision Tree, Decision Stump and Rule induction perform well with the lowest accuracy for x- cross validation being 36.50%. Decision Tree falls behind in accuracy, while k-nearest neighbour and Decision Stump maintain accuracy at equilibrium 41.00%. Therefore, Naïve Bayes is adopted as optimal algorithm in the domain of this study. 

Keywords: Decision Stump, Diphtheria, k-nearest neighbour, Naïve Bayes, Rule induction.

Title: COMPARING MODEL OF BEST FIT FOR CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DIPHTHERIA DISEASE

Author: Tamuno Tarimobowei, Abah Roseline T., Okpara Innocent

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 14-20

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 22-July-2023

Abstract: Vigna subterranean also known as ‘Bambara nut’ is an under-utilized leguminous plant that is indigenous to some parts of Nigeria.  In this study, Bambara ration was formulated and evaluated for its performance in 2 weeks old boiler chicks for a period of 10 weeks. The mean values of results revealed higher amounts of total protein (11.94%), total fat (22.73%) and carbohydrates (57.96%) than ash (2.16%), moisture content (3.76%) and crude fibre (1.45%) in its proximate composition. Higher amount of magnesium (77.50mg/g), moderate amount of iron (18.08mg/g) and low amounts of sodium (10.13mg/g) and zinc (6.29mg/g) were detected in the crude extract of Voandzela substerranea nut. Calcium (3.93mg/g) and cadmium (1.75mg/g) were trace while nickel (0.09mg/g) was almost unavailable. Alkaloids (4.40mg/dl) were in higher amount than other phytochemicals, cardiac glycosides (1.90mg/dl) were the least in concentration. There was a general increase in amounts of TC, LDL-C, TG and atherogenic index in group B fed Bambara nut only while these indices were significantly decreased (p>0.01) in group A chicks fed conventional feed only. There was a significant increased in body weight gain in group A (12.20g) while group B (5.40g) showed least gain in body weight. The observed effects of the rations on body temperature were not statistically significant (p>0.01). There was no hemorrhage, erosive perforation or ulceration in all the organs (gizzard, lung, heart and gastrointestinal lining) examined in chick groups A and C. However, Bambara nut fed group B showed bleeding of gastrointestinal lining surface. In conclusion, Voandzela substerranea nut may serve as a good source of crude fat, protein, magnesium, calcium, sodium and an important antioxidant due to the presence of zinc in its mineral constituent. Safety of consumption depends on concentration and exposure rate due to its bleeding effect on gastrointestinal lining.

Keywords: underutilization, ulceration, phytochemical, ration.

Title: Performance of Voandzela substerranea nut rations in Broiler Chicks

Author: Ajiboso, S.O.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 8-13

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 17-July-2023

Abstract: Environmental pollution due to mining activities has become a reoccurring incident in the world. This poses great health challenges to the victims through food/water contamination. Azara community has experienced increased mining activities due to presence of vast mineral resources, most of which are done locally using crude methods. This study investigated the presence of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Mn and Fe) concentration in commonly consumed vegetables namely Vernonia amygdalina, Cucumis reticulatus, Abelmuschuses culentus, Amaranthus dubius, Talinum fruticosum and Telfairia occidentalis in Azara community, Nasarawa state, Nigeria. The vegetable samples were analyzed with Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometer Agilent FS240AA for heavy metals. All the samples collected from the study site showed detectable levels of some of the heavy metals analyzed except in Talinum fruticosum. The heavy metals were present at varying concentrations ranging from 0.016-9.654mg/kg. The concentration of Ni was found to be above the WHO permissible limit in all samples, level of Pb was above the permissible limit in all samples except for Talinum fruticosum, while Mn was above the limit in all except for Telfairia occidentalis and Cucumis reticulatus. The metal pollution index (MPI) was extremely high in Talinum fruticosum and Abelmuschuses culentus with 1.3and 1.1 respectively, while Amaranthus dubius and Cucumis reticulatus had MPI of slightly above average with 0.6858 and 0.69 respectively. The health risk index (HRI) of metals ranged from 0.00-0.326mg/kg for Cd; 0.481-2.927mg/kg for Pb; 0.01-0.209mg/kg for Cu; 0.42-1.596mg/kg for Ni; 0.23-0.64mg/kg for Mn and 0.001-0.04mg/kg for Fe, respectively. The estimated Health Risk Index (HRI) for Pb and Ni exceeded the limit in all except for Talinum fruticosum (Pb), Telfairia occidentalis (Ni), Vernonia amygdalina (Ni) for adults, Cucumis reticulatus and Amaranthus dubius (Ni). The result of the study indicated a likelihood of future health risk which may arise from heavy meatal toxicity due to elevated HRI and MPI.

Keywords: Metals, limit, mining, toxicity and pollution.

Title: EVALUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN CONSUMABLE VEGETABLES IN AZARA TOWN OF NASARAWA STATE

Author: Ozoana, S.C., Zaruwa, M.Z., Ubarorji, Ik. I., Ofoegbu, C.O.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 8-16

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 06-July-2023

Abstract: In recent years, fungal spoilage has been documented as an important issue for the agriculture-based food industries, leading to food sensory defects, food waste, economic losses and public health concern through the production of mycotoxins especially in the developing countries. As such, there has been a corresponding search for safer natural products and the demand for less processed and chemically treated foods. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the in vitro antifungal effect of some strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB). Some spontaneously fermented cow milk product was screened for potential LAB using pour plating technique using Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) agar incubated at 37°C in anaerobic conditions. Afterwards, the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of the pure, promising LAB were recovered by centrifugation of broth-grown cultures to determine its antifungal activity using halo diffusion agar test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined for each LAB isolate. The CFS of the two pure LAB strains was used respectively as an in vitro natural biocontrol agent against Aspergillus niger (FS06) and Fusarium avenaceum (FS43). L. casei LG4 showed the highest antifungal effect against all essayed strains, while L. plantarum LG7 showed less effect. The results suggest that the application of the CFS from these strains in food could reduce the postharvest spoilage of foods and it thus offers promising steps for the development of biocontrol of fruits (oranges).

Keywords: fungal spoilage, agriculture-based food industries, public health, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB).

Title: STUDIES ON THE USE OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FOR THE BIO-CONTROL OF FOOD SPOILAGE MYCOTOXIGENIC FILAMENTOUS FUNGAI

Author: Adeoye, B.A., Labbo, Z, Shanu M. A, Makanjuola, D.O., Ahmadu J. H., Egbulefu, C.S., Mbochi C. A, Nyam, P. N., Fadesire, A. K., Olukotun, G.B

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2023 - September 2023

Page No: 1-7

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 01-July-2023