Indexing

Abstract: This was an ex-post facto research that investigated the content of organochlorine pesticides in the wetlands in Ushie. The study answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis, and in achieving these, the research area Ushie wetlands were mapped out into 5 research blocks and water samples collected with plastic sample bottles from 5 spots in each block at 10cm depth, bulked and composites taken, fixed with HNO3 and stored in ice cooled boxes for analysis. The analytical standard adopted is USEPA 20160 and the instrument of determination used was Agilent 6100 series single quadrupole LC/MS. The mean results obtained were; α-HCH, 0.21±0.01 µg/l, β-HCH0.02±0.1 µg/l, γ-HCH, 0.02±0.10 µg/l, g-HCH 0.03±0.01 µg/l and adrin 0.05±0.10 µg/l. The mean results of the pesticides were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA using SPSS model 29 at 0.05 level of significance. The p value is 0.48 thus rejecting H0. The study concludes that the wetlands is contaminated with the pesticides investigated above the permissible levels recommended by WHO. It recommends; that cage aquaculture should not be implemented in the wetlands, the source of pollution should be identified and blocked and remediation of the wetland should be embarked upon.

Keywords: wetlands, cage aquaculture organochlorine pesticide, bioaccumulation, human health.

Title: ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES ANALYSIS OF USHIE WETLANDS FOR CAGE AQUACULTURE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS AS A TOOL FOR EDUCATION REORIENTATION IN NIGERIA

Authors: Ogwu C., Atima-Idabor, T., Aghwana, S. O.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 81-87

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 26-June-2023

Abstract: This study was an ex-post facto research that investigated the content of organochlorine pesticides in Iselegu wetlands for its suitability for cage aquaculture deployment. The study answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis. To achieve these, Iselegu wetlands were mapped out into 5 research sampling blocks and water samples were collected from 5 spots in each block bulked and composites drawn and fixed with HNO₃ and stored in ice cool box for analysis. The analytical standard employed was USEPA 3570 and the instrument of determination of the pesticides deployed was Agilent 7820A GC. The results obtained were as follows; adrin 0.60±0.07µg/l, diedrin 0.12±0.09 µg/l, edrin 0.15±0.06 µg/l, DDT 1.90±0.39 and heptachlor 0.28±0.06 µg/l. The mean results of the pesticides investigated were subjected to test of significance using SPSS model 29 at 0.05 level of significance. The p value was 0.42 thus rejecting H_o. The study concludes that the wetlands are polluted with organochlorine pesticides above critical point and recommends that cage aquaculture should not be deployed in the wetland, pollution source points should be identified and plugged, farmers should be educated on safe pesticides use and the impacted wetlands should be remediated.

Keywords: wetlands, cage aquaculture, organochlorine pesticides, bioaccumulation, human health.

Title: ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES DETERMINATION OF ISELEGU WETLANDS FOR CAGE AQUACULTURE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS AS A RECIPE FOR REMODELING EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

Author: Ogwu C., Atima-Idabor, T., Aghwana, S. O.

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 75-80

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 19-June-2023

Abstract: The Assessment of forest cover change is important for the urban development and making the policy for forest management policy. Forest depletion is a common topic in the North-east India, especially in Mizoram as most of the agricultural practices are based on shifting cultivation. So, it is very important to have knowledge about the changing pattern of forest. In this paper, it shows the changing pattern of forest in Aizawl District, Mizoram. This forest has been declining at an alarming rate as a result of land use and land cover change (LULCC). For supporting decision-making processes, identifying LULCC and comprehending the underlying forces are crucial. We examined and analyze the changing variation of forest cover during the period of 2000 to 2018 using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) 4-5 C1 level-1 satellite imagery for 2000 and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS C1 level-1 imagery for 2018. The methodologies are Transitional Probability Matrix (TPM), Kappa coefficient, post-classification change (PCC) detection approach and simple statistical techniques. Detecting the Land Use Land Cover (LULC) showed that in 2000 dense forest cover an area of 827.59 sq.km which was 36.67 per cent of the total study area while in 2018 forest cover changed drastically with an area of only 284.22 sq.km which was 12.59 per cent of the total study area. On the other hand, open forest during 2000 was 51.25 sq.km and in 2018 it increased to 107.76 sq.km. The results showed that settlement, light vegetation and barren land were increasing, while forest cover was declining. The loss of forest cover could lead to an unpleasant environment and have an impact on people's wellbeing.

Keywords: Land Use Land Cover Change, approach, management, Aizawl.

Title: SAPTIO-TEMPORAL STUDY OF FOREST COVER CHANGE IN AIZAWL DISTRICT, MIZORAM

Author: Remlalruata

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 67-74

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 15-June-2023

Abstract: This study assessed effective waste management as a catalyst for human health challenges (town planner's perspective). The generation of waste and its disposal, collection, transport, and processing are important for healthy ecosystems and the health of people as the ineffective management of this waste in their varied dumpsites possess adverse health impacts on humans in the surrounding. Three objectives were raised to guide the study while data collection for the study was obtained through secondary sources. The study made use of four dumpsites located in four strategic points in Ado-Ekiti which are the Mary immaculate dumpsite (Oye), Oke age dumpsite (Igede), Okutagokutaleri dumpsites (Ikere), and the Igaletere dumpsite (Iju). The study revealed that the major method of waste management technique utilized in the area are landfill, composting, recycling and incineration while the major health threat includes typhoid, malaria, and watery stool. It was therefore concluded that improper waste management and illegal waste shipments have negative impacts on both environment and public health of residents in Ado-Ekiti and recommended amongst others that dumpsites that possess as a major health risk to the residents shouldn’t be located near human habitation, be well fenced and properly managed to minimize effects on the environment and human health.

Keywords: Waste Management; Human Health Challenges; Health Effects; and Landfilling.

Title: EFFECTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AS A CATALYST TO HUMAN HEALTH CHALLENGES (TOWN PLANNER'S PERSPECTIVE)

Author: TPL. Adeniyi, Joshua Olu, Ezekiel Ufuoma Lucky

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 58-66

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 06-June-2023

Abstract: The geochemistry, classification and maturity of the Eocene Nanka Formation were investigated. The sandstones are non-calcareous, ferromagnesian potassic sandstones composed of sublitharenites and quartz arenites. Plot of SiO₂/Al₂O₃ against quartz / (feldspar + lithic fragments) indicates compositional maturity. SiO₂/Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃/K₂O values are high, implying mineralogical maturity and low degree of clayness and presence of stable mobile oxides. The minute alkali content indicates the near absence of feldspar and high chemical maturity. The ZTR values suggests that the sediments are mineralogically immature to sub mature, however, the mineralogical maturity index classifies the Nanka sandstone as mature to super mature. A decrease in the abundance of TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, CaO, Na₂O, MgO, MnO, K₂O, and Al₂O₃ as SiO₂ increases is due to chemical weathering and removal of these elements. There is no correlation between K₂O and TiO₂ suggesting a loss of K₂O and an indication of diagenetic alteration of feldspars. There is no correlation with Na; the extrapolated regression equation did not pass through the origin, suggesting minimal Na₂O contribution from the clay minerals. There is no correlation between TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ due to depositional process and granulometry; indicating that TiO₂ is not associated with phyllosilicates. TiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio is low indicating that the sandstone matrix is composed of clay minerals. There is no correlation between K₂O and Al₂O₃ due to changes in the quartz-matrix proportions reflecting the grading. The Al—Ti—Zr ternary plot and the wide range of TiO₂/Zr variations, indicates compositional maturity, good sorting trend, rapid deposition and low to medium Zr concentration

Keywords: Eocene, mineralogical maturity index, quartz, sandstones, ZTR index.

Title: GEOCHEMISTRY, CLASSIFICATION AND MATURITY OF THE EOCENE NANKA FORMATION SOUTH EAST, NIGERIA

Author: Henry Y. Madukwe, Matthew A. Adeniran, Paulinus N. Nnabo

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 41-57

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 02-June-2023

Abstract: Clinical relevance: Determinants of myopia may be useful for formulating guidelines for time spent on online learning and its impact on eye health. Background: To determine the prevalence of myopia among university students and evaluate its association with screen usage and other potential sociodemographic determinants of myopia. Methods: An online, self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain students’ refractive status, sociodemographic details (age, gender, ethnicity, education level), and risk factors of myopia including average daily screen usage, time spent on near-work and outdoor activities, the onset of myopia, and parental history of myopia. Univariate and multivariate analyses evaluated associations between myopia and the investigated factors. Results: A total of 269 eligible students were included, with a mean age of 21.9 ± 3.3 years. The prevalence of myopia was 66.2%. Parental history of myopia and current outdoor activities were found to be risk factors for myopia diagnosis in a logistic regression (p = 0.017, p = 0.046 respectively). Screen usage, regardless of time spent, was not significantly associated with myopia. Severe myopia was associated with earlier age of onset (P<0.001), parental history (P=0.020), and female gender (P=0.043). Conclusion: The prevalence of myopia among students at the Universiti Brunei Darussalam was high. Current outdoor activity (i.e., not childhood activity) was found to be a risk factor for students to be myopic, perhaps due to an idea among already myopic students that outdoor activity is protective. Other risk factors were relatively standard. Screen usage was not significantly associated with myopia.

Keywords: myopia risk factors, prevalence, questionnaire, screen usage, university students.

Title: Myopia Prevalence, Severity, and Risk Factors of University Students in Brunei Darussalam: a Survey-Based Study

Author: Abdul Haziq Idzwan Bin Rudiman, Shahrimawati Binti Hj Sharbini, Ted Maddess, Siti Nurliyana Binti Abdullah

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 32-40

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 27-May-2023

Abstract: The joint effect of cadmium, chromium and lead on the liver of albino rats exposed to them simultaneously was investigated in this study. Seventy (70) male albino rats (Wistar rats) were used in the study. Specified doses of 5, 10, and 20mg/kg body weight respectively, of these metals were administered by gavage thrice weekly to 60 albino rats and 10 albino rats were used as control. There were four treatment groups Cd, Cr, Pb and Cd+Cr+Pb (i.e. Cd alone, Cr alone, Pb alone and Cd, Cr, Pb combined) per dose with five animals per treatment group. Body weights (BW) of the rats were measured weekly before treatment. The treatments were for 90 days, and salt solutions of the metals (i.e. CdSO₄, K₂Cr₂O₇, and Pb(NO₃)₂) were used while the control received only distilled water. The animals were sacrificed after 90 days and blood samples were analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total bilirubin. Histopathological evaluation of liver was also done. Results of combined treatment showed hormetic response with regard to ALT, AST and total bilirubin as they were elevated in the low dose but decreased with high dose. This phenomenon was also observed in Cr individual treatment.  The results also showed that LDH activity in the combined treatment group increased with increasing dose but was not significantly different from that of the most hazardous metal in the individual treatments. Histopathological evaluation showed tissue injury in liver in the 20mg/kg combined and individual treatment groups only.  Conclusively, the results suggested that there was no significant health risk posed to the liver by simultaneous exposure to the metals beyond the risk already posed by the most hazardous individual metal for the endpoint of interest. Interactions where they occurred were predominantly less-than-additive.

Keywords: Liver, cadmium, chromium, lead, combined, treatment, hormetic, histopathological, interaction.

Title: Biochemical and histopathological studies of hepatic effect of mixture of cadmium, chromium and lead in albino rats

Author: KENNEDY OSOH, ALOYSIUS C. ENE, CHINWE S. ALISI, LINUS A. NWAOGU, CHRISTIAN O. NWEKE

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 24-31

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 23-May-2023

Abstract: The thermal evolution and subsidence of the eastern Niger Delta have been obtained from the similarity solution of a simple cooling model of ocean lithosphere. The result shows that the subsidence of the basin resulted from the thermal contraction of the lithosphere and sediment deposition started in the Eocene (about 60 million years ago till date). The results show that the thermal subsidence varies directly as the square root of time, . The maximum thickness of the sediment is approximately 9 to 12 Km. Comparison of the model result with the biostratigraphy of oil well in the study area shows that the model depth and age of sedimentary layers are the same as that obtained from biostratigraphy . The model is simple and can be applied to other similar basins.

Keywords: Basin, Niger Delta, Sediment deposition, Subsidence, Thermal evolution.

Title: Thermal Evolution and Subsidence of Eastern Parts of Niger Delta Sedimentary Basin, Nigeria

Author: Emujakporue Godwin Omokenu, Balogun Ayomide Olumide

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 16-23

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 28-April-2023

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Tapinanthus bangwensis (T. bangwensis) on some lipid profiles in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The effects of this plant extract were monitored on the serum concentrations of triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and cholesterol (CHOL). Sixty-six albino rats were used for the study arranged into eleven groups of six rats each. Two groups (12 rats) were used for a pilot study. Nine other groups (54 rats) were used for the experiment labeled groups 1-9. Group 1 constitutes the normal control which received only feed and water, group 2 received 50mg/kg citrate buffer. Alloxan was dissolved in 0.1M citrate buffer solution, pH 4.5. Group 3 received 50mg/kg alloxan dissolved in citrate buffer in a 1:1 ratio intraperitoneally. Groups 4-6 were treated with 50mg/kg citrate buffer with 5%, 7%, and 10% aqueous extract of T. bangwensis respectively. Groups 7-9 received 50mg/kg alloxan dissolved in citrate buffer in a 1:1 ratio intraperitoneally with 5%, 7%, and 10% aqueous extract of T. bangwensis respectively. Blood samples were collected into appropriately labeled sampled bottles and analyzed. Results of the blood analysis showed that alloxan caused diabetes mellitus in the experimental animals. Lipid profile parameters such as triglyceride (TG) (0.820±0.01), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CHOL) (0.480±0.00), and cholesterol (CHOL) (2.100±0.06) of the control animals were found to be within the normal range. These parameters significantly increased in the animals induced with diabetes but not treated. Treatment with the plant extract sparingly reduced the raised serum triglycerides in a dose-dependent manner. This study was able to establish the diabetogenicity of alloxan as seen in lipids, concentrations are elevated and treatment with Tapinanthus bangwensis reduced the raised serum triglycerides.

Keywords: Tapinanthus bangwensis, Mistletoe, serum lipid metabolites, elevated parameters, lipid profile, Alloxan, diabetes, Wistar rats.

Title: Tapinanthus bangwensis (Mistletoe) reduces some increased lipid profile parameters caused by alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar Rats

Author: Stephen I. Omeodu, Felicia N. Okwakpam

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 11-15

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 20-April-2023

Abstract: As the same at the world level, Rwanda faces to the climate variability problem perturbing different human activities including milk production. This work was done to assess the impact of climate variability on milk production in Kayonza District of Rwanda. The aim of this research was to assess the climate variability indicators in Kayonza District, to evaluate the milk production variability in 5 Milk Collection Centers (MCC), and to establish the relationship between climate variability and milk production. The survey was done on a sample of 248 respondents; Data related to rainfall and temperature collected from Meteo Rwanda, data on received milk were acquired at MCCs level, with field observation. Those data were analyzed using SPSS statistical Model. The findings were that farmers were facing the serous drought problem and there was correlation between supplied milk (dependent variables) and independent variables (temperature and rainfall). The value of -.6627 is the more value of high correlation (negative) while the value of 0.044 is the more low correlation (positive). Generally, there is not significant linear relationship between received milk at 5 different MCCs and considered climate variability factors (temperature and rainfall), but with only significant relationship between received milk and temperature at Mukarange MCC. The supplied milk variability was maybe due to MCCs mismanagement, cow management, milk value chain and milk regulation monitoring. Face to drought and irregularity of supplied milk, it will better that farmers adopt and strengthen different technics related to forage and fodder conservation facilitating animal feeding during drought , the local and central government will increase water supply infrastrures  and MCCs monitoring for their  sustainability. Different researches can assess the MCCs management and problems related to milk value chain. 

Keywords: Climate variability, milk production, temperature and rainfall.

Title: The effect of climate variability on milk production: Case of Milk Collection Centers in Kayonza District of Rwanda

Author: Manishimwe Albert, Nsanzumukiza Martin Vincent, Ngirabakunzi Felicien, Barahira Anita

International Journal of Recent Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences (IJRRIS)

ISSN 2350-1049

Vol. 10, Issue 2, April 2023 - June 2023

Page No: 1-10

Paper Publications

Website: www.paperpublications.org

Published Date: 18-April-2023